Educational Objectives:
1. Discuss the changing roles of cytotechnologists in non-gynecologic exfoliative and fine needle aspiration cytology – in particular, specimen processing, on-site evaluation and routine screening
2. Discuss the cytotechnologist's increasing involvement in ancillary activities and its effect on cytotechnologist continuing education, job security, and performance evaluations
3. Discuss managerial/administrative challenges that arise in this new age of cytology, including personnel issues, complications finding qualified staff, struggles justifying adequate staff numbers with the decline of billable events and increase of non-billable events and difficulties expanding cytotechnologist roles into other laboratories

Cytotechnologists today are experiencing new challenges in the way they perform their duties. Traditionally, gynecologic cytology has been under close quality control; conversely, non-gynecologic cytology standards for cytotechnologists have not been set. For many cytology laboratories, gynecologic cytology volumes are decreasing while non-gynecologic cytology volumes and complexities are increasing. This change is causing cytotechnologists’ roles to evolve. Determining precise roles and proper evaluation techniques for cytotechnologists in non-gynecologic cytology practice are challenges facing many cytology laboratories. At the same time, laboratories are asked to do more with less. Administrative concerns arise with cytotechnologists spending more time on non-billable activities, such as FNA collections, and less time on billable ones, such as Pap smear screening. Cytotechnologists are being asked to expand their scope of duties to include ones that may need additional training. In the coming years, where will we go? In this session, we will discuss how we can develop measures to deliver quality services by cytotechnologists in this new age of increasing non-gynecologic demands.

Educational Objectives:
1. Define components and requirements for maintenance of certification and recertification
2. Explain the role of the American Board of Medical Specialties, and describe why maintenance of certification may be necessary for all practitioners in the future
3. Summarize requirements for Parts 2 and 4 of MOC including self-assessment and practice performance and improvement
4. Describe current plans for the Part 3 modular examination and options to maintain both primary and subspecialty certifications
5. Identify sources of education and information regarding certification including web sites and professional societies

Maintenance of Certification (MOC) is required for all pathologists certified in 2006 or later. The original certificate is valid for 10 years if the pathologist participates successfully in MOC. All 24 member boards of the ABMS now have a MOC program. Individuals certified earlier with lifetime certificates are encouraged to participate in either MOC or voluntary recertification, although the original certificate will not be affected. The voluntary recertification program will end in 2013. MOC has 4 Parts: Part 1 is documentation of licensure and practice setting, Part 2 is lifelong learning and self-assessment, Part 3 is a secure examination, and Part 4 includes both peer attestations and practice performance and improvement programs. The Part 3 examination will be modular and provide a high degree of flexibility that can be tailored to practice setting. Pathologists have the option of maintaining certification in any or all areas in which they obtained a primary certificate.

Educational Objectives:
1. Understand definition and scope of cytopathology informatics
2. Recognize the role of cytopathology Informatics in education, conferences, publications, web pages, proficiency testing, and telecytology
3. Recognize the advantages and disadvantages of Whole Slide Imaging (WSI)
4. Recognize the role of cytopathology informatics in cytology quality assurance (QA)

Cytopathology as a science and clinical discipline is undergoing a rapid “evolution” in response to the current challenges in health care delivery, and the advances with new technology and disciplines, such as molecular testing, genomics, proteomics, digital imaging and communication technology. New informatics solutions are needed to turn the vast amount of data now becoming available into usable information. Pathology informatics is an important evolving sub-specialty of pathology involving the management and analysis of large complex sets of data derived from various tests performed in clinical and anatomic pathology laboratories. The goal of this roundtable discussion is to share with the participants the experience of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) in utilizing pathology informatics in cytology training and education (conferences, publications, and web pages), research, marketing, automated screening, proficiency testing, consultation and telecytology, and QA practices.

Educational Objectives:
1. Review of diagnostic classification of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors
2. Delineate the diagnostic cytologic pitfalls of major categories of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors
3. Discussion on the limitations of bronchial brushings and fine needle aspirations in providing diagnostic accuracy
4. Recognizing the importance of clinicopathologic correlation and use of ancillary techniques to improve diagnostic accuracy

Neuroendocrine tumors form a distinct group of lung neoplasms, sharing characteristic cyto-histologic, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular features. This roundtable discussion will include review of the morphologic features of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors, such as carcinoid tumors, atypical carcinoid tumors, small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, with a special emphasis on morphology and cytologic features.